WORLD WAR I
Wilson's most passionate desire, aside from avoiding belligerency, was to end the war through his personal mediation. He sent Colonel House to Europe in early 1915 to explore the possibilities of peace and again early in 1916 to press for a plan of Anglo-American cooperation for peace. The British refused to cooperate, and the president, more than ever eager to avoid a final confrontation with Germany on the submarine issue, decided to press forward with independent mediation. He was by this time also angered by the intensification of British blockade practices and convinced that both sides were fighting for world domination and spoils. On Dec. 18, 1916, Wilson asked the belligerents to state the terms upon which they would be willing to make peace.
The Social Change 1920s
The Red Scare was over within a year, but a general distrust of foreigners, liberal reform movements, and organized labor remained throughout the 1920s. In fact, many viewed Harding's landslide victory in 1920 as repudiation of Wilson's internationalism and of the reforms of the Progressive era.
The new social change women work out side because of social and economic independence. The women emancipated demand the equality in all aspect to men. Talking about sex is more open. Leisure activities became more important, professional sports boomed, and the rapid growth of tabloid newspapers, magazines, movies, and radios enabled millions to share in the exciting world of speakeasies, flappers, and jazz music, even if only vicariously.
The Great Depression
Industrial production soon followed the stock market, giving rise to the worst unemployment the country had ever seen. By 1933, at least a quarter of the work force was unemployed. Adjusted for deflation, salaries had fallen by 40 percent and industrial wages by 60 percent.
The causes of the Great Depression were many and various. Agriculture had collapsed in 1919. It was a continuing source of weakness. Because of poor regulatory policies, many banks were overextended. Wages had not kept up with profits, and by the late 1920s, consumers were reaching the limits of their ability to borrow and spend. Production had already begun to decline and unemployment to rise before the crash. The crash, which was inevitable since stock prices were much in excess of real value, greatly accelerated every bad tendency, destroying the confidence of investors and consumers alike.
The New Deal and Reform
Roosevelt took office amid a terrifying bank crisis that had forced many states to suspend banking activities. He acted quickly to restore public confidence. On Inaugural Day, March 4, 1933, he declared, “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” The next day he halted trading in gold and declared a national “bank holiday. The new deal also cavers the agricultural recovery, and business recovery. Its also brings the new deal in neutralize supreme court that they make social security act and revising constitutional law concerning government regulation law.
Wilson's most passionate desire, aside from avoiding belligerency, was to end the war through his personal mediation. He sent Colonel House to Europe in early 1915 to explore the possibilities of peace and again early in 1916 to press for a plan of Anglo-American cooperation for peace. The British refused to cooperate, and the president, more than ever eager to avoid a final confrontation with Germany on the submarine issue, decided to press forward with independent mediation. He was by this time also angered by the intensification of British blockade practices and convinced that both sides were fighting for world domination and spoils. On Dec. 18, 1916, Wilson asked the belligerents to state the terms upon which they would be willing to make peace.
The Social Change 1920s
The Red Scare was over within a year, but a general distrust of foreigners, liberal reform movements, and organized labor remained throughout the 1920s. In fact, many viewed Harding's landslide victory in 1920 as repudiation of Wilson's internationalism and of the reforms of the Progressive era.
The new social change women work out side because of social and economic independence. The women emancipated demand the equality in all aspect to men. Talking about sex is more open. Leisure activities became more important, professional sports boomed, and the rapid growth of tabloid newspapers, magazines, movies, and radios enabled millions to share in the exciting world of speakeasies, flappers, and jazz music, even if only vicariously.
The Great Depression
Industrial production soon followed the stock market, giving rise to the worst unemployment the country had ever seen. By 1933, at least a quarter of the work force was unemployed. Adjusted for deflation, salaries had fallen by 40 percent and industrial wages by 60 percent.
The causes of the Great Depression were many and various. Agriculture had collapsed in 1919. It was a continuing source of weakness. Because of poor regulatory policies, many banks were overextended. Wages had not kept up with profits, and by the late 1920s, consumers were reaching the limits of their ability to borrow and spend. Production had already begun to decline and unemployment to rise before the crash. The crash, which was inevitable since stock prices were much in excess of real value, greatly accelerated every bad tendency, destroying the confidence of investors and consumers alike.
The New Deal and Reform
Roosevelt took office amid a terrifying bank crisis that had forced many states to suspend banking activities. He acted quickly to restore public confidence. On Inaugural Day, March 4, 1933, he declared, “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” The next day he halted trading in gold and declared a national “bank holiday. The new deal also cavers the agricultural recovery, and business recovery. Its also brings the new deal in neutralize supreme court that they make social security act and revising constitutional law concerning government regulation law.
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